Rule IDs

The IDs are stable across all surfaces. The tables reproduce the declarations returned by structure_metas, semantics_metas, rendering_metas and stylesheet_metas; examples/a11y/rules.json is their output. The severity is the rule’s default; individual findings may deviate from it. Each row has an anchor: the ID with / replaced by - (images/alt-missing is #images-alt-missing). a11y-static sets it as help_url on its findings.

a11y-rules 0.30.0 declares 168 IDs.

Tier 1: Structure

107 IDs, Document, runs on every host.

ID	WCAG	Severity	Rule hint
document/lang-missing	3.1.1	high	The <html> element needs a valid lang attribute.
document/lang-invalid	3.1.1	high	The <html> element needs a valid lang attribute.
document/title-missing	2.4.2	high	Every page needs a meaningful <title>.
document/title-empty	2.4.2	high	Every page needs a meaningful <title>.
zoom/viewport-locked	1.4.4	high	A viewport must be present and must not prevent zooming.
zoom/viewport-scale-limited	1.4.4	high	A viewport must be present and must not prevent zooming.
zoom/viewport-missing	1.4.4	high	A viewport must be present and must not prevent zooming.
headings/empty	1.3.1, 2.4.1, 2.4.6	medium	Headings form the outline; do not skip levels.
headings/skip-level	1.3.1, 2.4.1, 2.4.6	medium	Headings form the outline; do not skip levels.
headings/h1-missing	1.3.1, 2.4.1, 2.4.6	medium	Headings form the outline; do not skip levels.
headings/h1-multiple	1.3.1, 2.4.1, 2.4.6	medium	Headings form the outline; do not skip levels.
headings/none	1.3.1, 2.4.1, 2.4.6	medium	Headings form the outline; do not skip levels.
images/alt-missing	1.1.1	high	Informative images need descriptive alt text.
images/alt-suspicious	1.1.1	high	Informative images need descriptive alt text.
forms/label-missing	1.3.1, 3.3.2, 4.1.2	critical	Every input needs an associated label.
forms/placeholder-as-label	1.3.1, 3.3.2, 4.1.2	critical	Every input needs an associated label.
aria/role-invalid	4.1.2	high	Use only roles from the ARIA specification.
aria/role-abstract	4.1.2	high	Use only roles from the ARIA specification.
aria/reference-missing	1.3.1, 4.1.2	high	ARIA references must point to IDs that exist.
aria/required-attribute-missing	4.1.2	high	A role that announces a state needs the attribute carrying it.
ids/duplicate	4.1.2	medium	An ID that another element references must be unique.
keyboard/positive-tabindex	2.4.3	high	Positive tabindex values break the tab order.
keyboard/hidden-focusable	1.3.1, 4.1.2	high	Focusable elements must not be aria-hidden.
lists/invalid-structure	1.3.1	medium	<ul> and <ol> may only have <li> as direct children and must not be empty; a list item must stand inside a list.
lists/empty	1.3.1	medium	<ul> and <ol> may only have <li> as direct children and must not be empty; a list item must stand inside a list.
lists/item-outside-list	1.3.1	medium	<ul> and <ol> may only have <li> as direct children and must not be empty; a list item must stand inside a list.
lists/term-without-definition	1.3.1	medium	<ul> and <ol> may only have <li> as direct children and must not be empty; a list item must stand inside a list.
tables/header-missing	1.3.1	high	Data tables need <th> header cells.
tables/name-missing	1.3.1	high	Data tables need <th> header cells.
tables/presentational-with-headers	1.3.1	high	Data tables need <th> header cells.
landmarks/main-missing	1.3.1, 2.4.1	high	Landmarks structure the page for everyone who cannot see it.
landmarks/main-duplicate	1.3.1, 2.4.1	high	Landmarks structure the page for everyone who cannot see it.
landmarks/navigation-missing	1.3.1, 2.4.1	high	Landmarks structure the page for everyone who cannot see it.
landmarks/banner-missing	1.3.1, 2.4.1	high	Landmarks structure the page for everyone who cannot see it.
landmarks/contentinfo-missing	1.3.1, 2.4.1	high	Landmarks structure the page for everyone who cannot see it.
keyboard/skip-link-missing	2.4.1	medium	A skip link bypasses blocks that repeat before the content.
aria/attribute-unknown	4.1.2	high	Use only aria-* attributes defined by WAI-ARIA.
aria/attribute-value-invalid	4.1.2	high	ARIA attributes need a value of their type.
aria/owns-conflict	4.1.2	high	An element may be owned by only one aria-owns.
aria/tab-selected-missing	1.3.1, 4.1.2	medium	Tabs mark the selected tab; an expanded combobox references its popup.
aria/tabpanel-missing	1.3.1, 4.1.2	medium	Tabs mark the selected tab; an expanded combobox references its popup.
aria/combobox-popup-missing	1.3.1, 4.1.2	medium	Tabs mark the selected tab; an expanded combobox references its popup.
popover/target-missing	4.1.2	medium	popovertarget must reference an element with the popover attribute.
popover/target-invalid	4.1.2	medium	popovertarget must reference an element with the popover attribute.
inert/dialog-inert	2.1.1, 4.1.2	high	An open dialog must not be inert.
manual/media-alternatives	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/image-alternatives	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/visual-structure	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/use-of-color	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/timing	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/error-handling	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/authentication	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/pointer-gestures	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/no-timing	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/interruptions	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/re-authenticating	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/unusual-words	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/help	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/dragging-movements	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/consistent-help	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/keyboard-trap	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/character-shortcuts	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/error-prevention	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/pointer-cancellation	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/consistent-navigation	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/consistent-identification	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/sensory-characteristics	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/multiple-ways	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/text-spacing	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/content-on-hover-focus	1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.5, 1.3.1, 1.3.3, 1.4.1, 1.4.12, 1.4.13, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.4.5, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 3.1.3, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.6, 3.3.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.8	medium	Criteria no machine can decide. Each appears once per page when the page contains something it applies to, as UNTESTED — a checklist, not a verdict.
manual/motion-actuation	2.5.4	medium	Checklist item for motion actuation, shown when an inline script listens to device motion or orientation.
forms/autocomplete-invalid	1.3.5	low	autocomplete must use the autofill tokens of the HTML standard.
forms/error-unidentified	3.3.1	medium	A field marked aria-invalid needs an error description via aria-describedby or aria-errormessage.
forms/group-missing	1.3.1	medium	Radio buttons and checkboxes sharing a name belong in a fieldset with legend or a named group.
forms/no-submit	3.2.2	medium	A form that collects input needs an explicit submit control.
forms/redundant-entry	3.3.7	medium	Information entered once is prefilled, autofillable or selectable when asked again.
context/on-input	3.2.2	medium	Changing a selection must not submit, navigate or open a window by itself.
context/on-focus	3.2.1	high	Receiving focus must not change the context.
context/autofocus	3.2.1	high	Receiving focus must not change the context.
auth/captcha	3.3.8	medium	A CAPTCHA in a sign-in form needs an alternative without a cognitive function test.
keyboard/click-handler-not-focusable	2.1.1	high	An element with a click handler must be a control: a <button> or <a href>, or a role and tabindex with keyboard handling.
links/used-as-button	4.1.2	low	A link that triggers an action instead of navigating should be a <button>.
navigation/location-missing	2.4.8	low	Show users where they are: a breadcrumb trail or aria-current=“page” in the navigation.
images/area-alt-missing	1.1.1	high	An image map <area> with href needs alt text naming its target.
images/input-alt-missing	1.1.1	high	An <input type="image"> needs alt text describing its action.
images/server-side-map	2.1.1	medium	Do not use server-side image maps (ismap); use a client-side map or text links.
objects/alt-missing	1.1.1	high	An <object> needs a text alternative: fallback content, aria-label or title.
media/audio-autoplay	1.4.2	medium	Audio that plays automatically must stop within three seconds or be pausable.
viz/text-missing	1.1.1	high	Every visualisation (figure[data-viz]) needs a non-empty text layer [data-viz-text] with its statement.
display/text-hidden	1.1.1	high	Never put hidden, aria-hidden=“true” or inert on [data-viz-text] or its ancestors; hide it visually instead.
viz/caption-missing	1.1.1	low	Every visualisation (figure[data-viz]) needs a <figcaption> that names it.
viz/static-missing	2.2.2	medium	A 3d or interactive visualisation needs a still image [data-viz-static] for calm mode.
viz/table-missing	1.3.1	low	A chart (data-viz=“chart”) should give its values as a <table>.
display/toggle-missing	2.2.2	medium	A page with visualisations needs a display-mode toggle marked [data-display-toggle].
display/init-missing	2.2.2	low	Set html[data-display] in a small blocking script in <head>, before <body>.
tables/header-without-data	1.3.1	high	Header cells need data cells to label; a table of headers only labels nothing.
tables/data-undetermined	1.3.1	high	Header cells need data cells to label; a table of headers only labels nothing.
tables/headers-attr-invalid	1.3.1	high	The headers attribute of a cell must list the ids of header cells in the same table.
document/lang-mismatch	3.1.1	medium	lang and xml:lang on <html> must name the same language.
language/part-unmarked	3.1.2	medium	A passage in another language than the page needs its own lang attribute.
language/part-undetermined	3.1.2	medium	A passage in another language than the page needs its own lang attribute.
language/abbreviation-unexpanded	3.1.4	low	Make the expansion of an abbreviation available, e.g. in the title of <abbr>.
timing/meta-refresh	2.2.1	high	Do not reload or redirect with a delayed <meta http-equiv="refresh">; redirect on the server or let users trigger it.
headings/section-without-heading	2.4.10	low	Give articles and named sections a heading so users can find their content.
aria/role-redundant	–	low	Do not set a role the element already has implicitly.
names/title-only	4.1.2	medium	Do not rely on the title attribute as a control’s only name.
patterns/tooltip-unreferenced	–	low	Reference a role=“tooltip” from its trigger with aria-describedby.

Tier 2: Semantics

35 IDs, needs Semantics, i.e. role and accessible name.

ID	WCAG	Severity	Rule hint
links/name-missing	2.4.4, 4.1.2	critical	Every link needs a name that describes its target.
buttons/name-missing	4.1.2	critical	Every button needs a name that describes what it does.
svg/name-missing	1.1.1	high	Informative SVGs need a name, decorative ones role=“presentation”.
links/ambiguous-name	2.4.4	medium	Links with the same name should point to the same target.
links/generic-name	2.4.4	medium	Link text should say where it leads without the surrounding sentence.
links/url-name	2.4.4	low	A bare address as link text does not say what the target contains.
links/single-character-name	2.4.4	medium	A single character does not name a link’s target.
links/new-window-unannounced	3.2.5	low	Say in the link text when a link opens a new window or tab.
links/purpose-link-only	2.4.9	low	The link text alone should name the link’s purpose.
aria/attribute-not-allowed	4.1.2	high	Use only ARIA attributes the element’s role supports.
aria/attribute-prohibited	4.1.2	high	Use only ARIA attributes the element’s role supports.
aria/required-parent-missing	1.3.1, 4.1.2	high	Roles that belong together must be nested as WAI-ARIA requires.
aria/required-children-missing	1.3.1, 4.1.2	high	Roles that belong together must be nested as WAI-ARIA requires.
names/required-missing	1.1.1, 4.1.2	high	Elements whose role requires a name (fields, toggles, menu items, meters, …) need one.
names/symbol-only	4.1.2	medium	An accessible name should be words, not a single symbol.
dialog/name-missing	4.1.2	high	Every dialog needs a name, usually via aria-labelledby on its heading.
dialog/modal-unmarked	4.1.2	medium	A modal dialog should carry aria-modal=“true”.
summary/name-missing	4.1.2	high	The <summary> of a <details> element needs text.
status/live-overridden	4.1.3	high	Live regions should keep the aria-live their role implies.
label-in-name/mismatch	2.5.3	medium	The accessible name must contain the visible label text.
forms/purpose-missing	1.3.5	medium	Fields asking for information about the user carry the matching autocomplete token.
forms/required-unmarked	3.3.2	medium	Required fields and expected formats are stated in the label or description.
forms/instructions-missing	3.3.2	medium	Required fields and expected formats are stated in the label or description.
forms/title-only-label	1.3.1	medium	A field should have a visible label, not only a title attribute.
forms/group-name-missing	1.3.1, 3.3.2	medium	A fieldset needs a legend, a form group a name.
landmarks/not-unique	1.3.1	medium	Landmarks of the same role should have distinct names.
landmarks/not-top-level	–	medium	banner, contentinfo and main belong at the top level; banner and contentinfo at most once.
landmarks/banner-duplicate	–	medium	banner, contentinfo and main belong at the top level; banner and contentinfo at most once.
landmarks/contentinfo-duplicate	–	medium	banner, contentinfo and main belong at the top level; banner and contentinfo at most once.
landmarks/content-outside	–	medium	All content belongs inside a landmark.
keyboard/focusable-no-role	2.1.1	high	Interactive roles must be focusable; focusable elements need an interactive role.
keyboard/interactive-not-focusable	2.1.1	high	Interactive roles must be focusable; focusable elements need an interactive role.
dialog/focusable-missing	2.4.3	medium	A dialog needs at least one focusable element.
patterns/accordion-controls-missing	4.1.2	low	An expanded button should reference the region it controls with aria-controls.
frames/name-missing	4.1.2	high	Every iframe needs a name, usually a title saying what it contains.

Tier 3: Rendering

21 IDs, needs Rendering, i.e. computed styles and geometry.

ID	WCAG	Severity	Rule hint
contrast/text-insufficient	1.4.3	high	Text needs a contrast ratio against its background of at least 4.5:1, or 3:1 for large text. Large text starts at 18 pt, or 14 pt when bold.
contrast/text-undetermined	1.4.3	high	Text needs a contrast ratio against its background of at least 4.5:1, or 3:1 for large text. Large text starts at 18 pt, or 14 pt when bold.
contrast/text-enhanced	1.4.6	medium	Enhanced contrast (AAA): at least 7:1, or 4.5:1 for large text.
contrast/control-insufficient	1.4.11	medium	A custom-drawn checkbox, radio button, switch or slider (appearance: none) needs a boundary with a contrast ratio of at least 3:1 against its background.
contrast/control-undetermined	1.4.11	medium	A custom-drawn checkbox, radio button, switch or slider (appearance: none) needs a boundary with a contrast ratio of at least 3:1 against its background.
order/visual-mismatch	1.3.2, 2.4.3	medium	Visual order and tab order should match; CSS reordering (flex-direction: *-reverse, order) over focusable content is a hint they do not.
motion/infinite-animation	2.2.2	medium	Movement that lasts longer than five seconds needs a way to pause, stop or hide it.
reflow/min-width	1.4.10	medium	Content must reflow at 320 CSS pixels wide; a min-width above that forces horizontal scrolling.
keyboard/pointer-only	2.1.1, 4.1.2	high	Whatever reacts to a click must be a control: a <button> or <a>, or a role and tabindex with keyboard handling.
focus/obscured	2.4.11	medium	A focused control must not be entirely hidden by fixed or sticky content. Seen: the bits obscured and hides_focus, and, when the host ran a focus pass, Rendering::focus_cover (sample points under fixed or sticky elements after the host focused and scrolled the control); the probe replaces the static bit for that control. Sampling approximates “entirely”, so the result stays a review. Which scroll a real Tab produces is not settled; the host records how it scrolled.
targets/size	2.5.8	medium	Targets need at least 24 × 24 CSS pixels, or enough spacing to their neighbours.
targets/size-enhanced	2.5.5	low	Enhanced target size (AAA): targets of at least 44 × 44 CSS pixels.
focus/indicator-missing	2.4.7	high	Keyboard focus must be visible on every control.
lists/role-redundant	–	low	role=“list” on a <ul> or <ol> is only needed when list-style-type is none.
color/link-indistinct	1.4.1	medium	A link in running text needs more than colour to stand out: an underline, or a different weight, style, border or background.
keyboard/scrollable-region-not-focusable	2.1.1	high	A scrollable region needs keyboard access: tabindex=“0” on the region or a focusable element inside it.
text-spacing/clipped	1.4.12	medium	No content or function may be lost when line height is at least 1.5, paragraph spacing 2, letter spacing 0.12 and word spacing 0.16 times the font size. Seen: text that hidden overflow newly cuts off after the host applied that override (Rendering::text_spacing_clip, a before/after pair; already clipped boxes are not findings). Overlapping text and content that disappears in other ways are not detected, so the result is a review. If the host could not apply the override (for example blocked by a CSP style-src), the rule does not run.
focus/obscured-enhanced	2.4.12	low	Enhanced (AAA): no part of a focused control may be hidden by fixed or sticky content. Seen: Rendering::focus_cover, sample points under such an element after the host focused and scrolled the control; any covered point is reported. Sampling approximates “any part”, so the result is a review. Without a focus pass the rule does not run: static geometry is not a probe.
auth/paste-blocked	3.3.8	high	A password or one-time-code field must accept pasted text, so that a password manager can fill it: a handler that cancels the paste event without inserting the text itself blocks it. Seen: a synthetic, cancelable paste event the host dispatched; it is not trusted (isTrusted is false), so a handler that reacts only to trusted events or to key presses is not seen. autocomplete=“off” on a password field is not a finding: browsers ignore it.
orientation/root-rotated	1.3.4	high	A page that rotates its root (html or body) by a quarter turn to force one display orientation fails 1.3.4. Seen: the computed transform matrix and the rotate property of html and body, in the one viewport the host measured; a lock that applies only in the other orientation needs a second snapshot there (RuleRun::in_viewport). That an orientation is essential is a human judgement.
frames/cross-origin	–	low	A frame whose document the tool cannot read (cross-origin, or still navigating) was not tested. Not a conformance check and tied to no success criterion: a coverage note. Frames that are presentational, hidden or 1 px or smaller are skipped.

Stylesheets

5 IDs, needs the page’s parsed stylesheets and runs via run_stylesheets.

ID	WCAG	Severity	Rule hint
focus/outline-removed	2.4.7	high	Keep a visible focus indicator: do not remove the outline on :focus without a replacement, or limit the removal to :focus:not(:focus-visible).
motion/reduced-motion-ignored	2.3.3	medium	Switch off movement under @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce).
orientation/content-hidden	1.3.4	medium	Content must work in portrait and landscape; do not hide or rotate it per orientation.
text/justified	1.4.8	low	Running text: no justified alignment, line height at least 1.5.
text/line-height-tight	1.4.8	low	Running text: no justified alignment, line height at least 1.5.

review instead of fail

Not every missing item is a violation. landmarks/navigation-missing, landmarks/banner-missing, landmarks/contentinfo-missing, headings/h1-multiple and keyboard/skip-link-missing return review: main must be present, but a page may do without navigation, and a skip link can only be recognized by its link text and class names. links/ambiguous-name and links/generic-name are two different rules and both return review: one says “two links have the same name but go to different places”, the other “this text says nothing about the destination on its own”.